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By Kathleen Rainwater
 In
2008, the worldwide automotive industry produced over 70 million
vehicles, employed over nine million people, and represented ‘over
5% of the world's total manufacturing employment'. [Note
1]
Motor vehicles are produced in over
39 countries worldwide. The top four automotive manufacturing
countries in 2008 were: Japan, China, the United States, and
Germany. [Note 2]
In
2008, global vehicle registrations reached nearly 901 million
vehicles. The largest regional market is Europe (35.4 percent),
followed by North America (32.6 percent), Asia (23.8 percent), South
America (4.6 percent) the Middle East and Africa (3.6 percent).
[Note
3] The fastest growing
markets for automobiles are China, India, Russia and Brazil.
The Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs
d'Automobiles (aka The International Organization of Motor Vehicle
Manufacturers) or OICA, estimates that ‘each direct auto job
supports at least another 5 indirect jobs in the community, resulting
in more than 50 million jobs owed to the auto industry'. [Note
4] Industries involved in
the automotive supply chain include: steel, iron, aluminum,
lead, glass, plastics, carpeting, textiles, computer chips, software,
rubber and more.
Automotive
Industry ... Automobile Industry... Motor Vehicle Industry...
Which
term should you use when researching the industry? Actually,
all of the above, plus a few more. In a broad sense, the automotive
industry includes:
Manufacturers
of motorcycles, passenger cars, light and heavy duty trucks,
commercial vehicles. The major Automotive manufactures (ranked by
OICA) include: Toyota, General Motors, Porsche, Ford, Honda, Nissan,
PSA Peugeot Citroen, Hyundai, Suzuki, Fiat, Renault, Daimler,
Chrysler, BMW, Kia, Mazda, Mitsubishi, AutoVAZ, and Tata. [Note
5] Interrelationships between the automotive manufacturers
are complex. A good aid to understanding these relationships is a
chart produced by Automotive News: Guide to Automaker Partnerships.
[Note 6]
Suppliers
of automotive (i.e. motor vehicle) parts and components.
Automotive suppliers are often involved in both the OE (Original
Equipment) market and the Automotive Aftermarket. The top Global
Automotive suppliers include: Robert Bosch, Denso, Continental
A.G. , Magna International, Aisin Seiki, Johnson Controls,
Delphi, Faurecia, ZF Friedrichshafen, TRW Automotive, Lear,
Toyota Boshoku, ThyssenKrupp, Yazaki, Valeo, Benteler,
Sumitomo Electric, Visteon, Hyundai Mobis, Dana, Schaeffler, JTEKT,
Magneti Marelli, ArvinMeritor, and Cummins. [Note
7]
Sales
and distribution of motor vehicles.
The
key to researching the automotive industry is understanding that each
source of information defines the industry in a slightly different
fashion. Industry definitions can include/exclude the
manufacture of heavy duty/commercial vehicles and automotive
parts/components.
Examples
of Various Industry Definitions
|
Automotive
Industry
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'All
those companies and activities involved in the manufacture of
motor vehicles, including most components, such as engines and
bodies, but excluding tires, batteries, and fuel. The industry's
principal products are passenger automobiles and light trucks,
including pickups, vans, and sport utility vehicles. Commercial
vehicles (i.e. delivery trucks and large transport trucks, often
called semis), though important to the industry, are secondary'.
|
Encyclopedia
Britannica
|
|
| The
automotive industry designs, develops, manufactures, markets, and
sells the world's motor vehicles. | Wikipedia
| Automobile
Industry
|
|
Manufacture
and sales of passenger cars, motorcycles and light commercial
vehicles
| Datamonitor
|
Auto
Manufacturing Industry
|
|
Companies
that manufacture passenger cars, light trucks, and/or light
commercial vehicles.
|
Hoovers
|
Motor
Vehicle Industry
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| Manufacturers
of cars, commercial vehicles and parts. | OICA
| Auto
Parts Manufacturing Industry
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|
Companies
that manufacture and/or distribute original equipment manufacturer
(OEM) and/or aftermarket automotive components and/or accessories.
|
Hoovers
|
Automotive
Components Industry
|
| Automotive
parts, tires and rubber products
|
Datamonitor
| Automotive
Aftermarket
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'Products
used to replace, maintain, or accessorize original equipment (OE)
on all passenger and light truck vehicles, including minivans and
sport utility vehicles (SUVs).'
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Packaged
Facts
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'All
products and services purchased for light and heavy duty vehicles
after the original sale including replacement parts, accessories,
lubricants, appearance products, service repairs as well as the
tools and equipment necessary to make the repair. ‘
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Automotive
Aftermarket Industry Association
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'The
part of the automotive industry concerned with the manufacturing,
remanufacturing, distribution, retailing, and installation of all
vehicle parts, chemicals, tools, equipment and accessories for
light and heavy vehicles, after the sale of the automobile by the
original equipment manufacturer (OEM) to the consumer'.
|
Wikipedia
|
Vehicle
Classification
Within
the Automotive industry, vehicles are classified by type and weight.
Motor vehicle classification systems vary from country to country,
and definitions can overlap between classifications. In general,
motor vehicles are classified as:
Light
vehicle: Passenger
cars and light duty trucks including pick-up trucks, vans and SUVs.
Heavy duty or
commercial vehicles:
The distinction between light and heavy duty trucks is defined by
weight. This limit depends on national and professional definitions
and varies between 3.5 and 7 tons. Commercial vehicles include light
commercial vehicles; heavy trucks; coaches and buses; and heavy duty
motor vehicles weighing over 7 tons used for carrying goods. This
includes tractor vehicles designed for towing semi-trailers. In the
United Kingdom and Ireland, medium and heavy duty trucks are called
Lorries. Large Goods Vehicle (LGV) is the term used in the European
Union for heavy duty trucks. The former term Heavy Goods Vehicle
(HGV) is also commonly used.
Resources
for Automotive Statistics
Government
Statistics
National
Governments track a variety of automotive statistics including:
production; sales; vehicles in use (a.k.a. registrations or parc);
road vehicle activity; average age of vehicles; safety issues; fuel
economy; and other issues pertaining to the automotive industry.
Statistics gathered and published by the government are often several
years out of date.
The United States Department of Commerce
tracks the manufacture of Motor Vehicles (NAICS 3361) in the Annual
Survey of Manufacturers
(http://www.census.gov/manufacturing/asm/index.html).
The most recent data available is from 2006. In years ending in
2 and 7, manufacturing statistics are included in the manufacturing
sector of the Economic Census
(http://www.census.gov/econ/census07/).
The 2007 data is in the process of being published throughout 2009
and 2010.
Statistics Canada (http://digbig.com/5baspw)
publishes reports on new motor vehicles sales, and the quarterly
Canadian Vehicle Survey provides information on road vehicle activity
and vehicle registrations.
In the UK, the Office for
National Statistics (http://www.statistics.gov.uk/abi/) collects
and publishes manufacturing statistics. The automotive industry
is included in Subsection DM. (Group 34.1 Manufacture of motor
vehicles; Group 34.2 Manufacture of bodies (coachwork) for motor
vehicles; manufacture of trailers and semi-trailers; Group 34.3
Manufacture of parts and accessories for motor-vehicles and their
engines.)
Trade
Associations
Trade
Associations represent almost every segment of the Automotive
Industry including: Motor Vehicle Manufacturers; Automotive
Dealerships; Automotive Component Manufacturers; the Automotive
Aftermarket; the Heavy Duty Truck Industry; Bus Associations;
Motorcycle Manufacturers; Recreational Vehicle Manufacturers; and
more. Useful information can be found in trade association magazines
and publications. Statistics published by trade associations are
frequently more recent than government sources.
A few of the
largest associations include:
OICA
(http://www.oica.net/)
The International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers was
founded in Paris in 1919. It is known as the ‘Organisation
Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles' (OICA). OICA
aggregates production statistics for 39 countries: by country;
by manufacture, make and type of vehicle. Links to the 42 member
associations are available at
http://oica.net/category/about-us/members/.
Many of the national associations have an English version of their
websites, including access to statistics.
AAIA
(http://www.aftermarket.org/)Automotive
Aftermarket Industry Association
CADA
(http://www.cada.ca/)
Canadian automobile dealers are represented by CADA, the Canadian
Automobile Dealers Association.
MEMA
(http://www.mema.org/)
Motor Equipment Manufacturers Association
NADA (http://www.nada.org/)
The National Automotive Dealers Association tracks new
automobile sales in the United States.
RMIF
(http://www.rmif.co.uk/)
The Retail Motor Industry Federation is the trade association
for the retail motor industry in England, Wales, Northern Ireland and
the Isle of Man. The association includes automobile and motorcycle
retailers; motor auction houses; petrol retailers; body shops; and
independent garages.
SAE
(http://www.sae.org/)
Society of Automotive Engineers
Commercial
Market Research
The
automotive industry is well reported by commercial market research
publishers. You can purchase reports directly from the
publishers, or from aggregators such as MarketResearch.com; Profound;
Researchandmarkets.com, Reportlinker.com and others. Definitions
of the industry vary by publisher. Publishers that report on
the industry include:
Datamonitor
(http://www.datamonitor.com/)
Freedonia
(http://www.freedoniagroup.com/)
Frost
& Sullivan
(http://www.frost.com/prod/servlet/research.pag)
Global
Industry Analysts (http://www.strategyr.com/)
Euromonitor
International (http://www.euromonitor.com/)
Business
Monitor International (http://www.businessmonitor.com/)
Plunkett
Research (http://www.plunkettresearch.com/)
Snapdata
International (http://www.snapdata.com/)
Other
Resources
Aftermarket
News (http://www.aftermarketnews.com/)
Trade publication for industry news. The Data Center
includes information on the North American Automotive Aftermarket.
The Association Directory includes International Automotive
Aftermarket Associations
Autoblog (http://www.autoblog.com/)
AOL industry blog. Autoblog reports monthly sales for North
American in the ‘By the Numbers' section.
‘Automotive
Glossary of Abbreviations'
(http://www.smmt.co.uk/site/acronyms.cfm)
The Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT).
Auto
Industry (http://www.autoindustry.co.uk/)
Covers the UK automotive industry. Includes access to industry news,
statistical information resources, publications link. The statistics
are provided by the Automotive Unit of the Department for Business,
Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, and are therefore several years out
of date.
Automotive Industry
(http://www.loc.gov/rr/business/BERA/issue2/news.html)
Library
of Congress, BERA Issue 2, Fall 2004.
Motor Industry
Factsheet (http://digbig.com/5basqc)
Overview
of the UK automotive industry.
Subscription
based resources
Free
resources can provide a high level overview of sales, production, and
vehicles in use. When you need detailed statistics based on
vehicle model, type of engine, etc., you need to go to the
subscription based resources.
Automotive News Data
Center (http://www.autonews.com/)Some
information is available for free; including top level CSM forecasts
for North American, Europe and China. Most of the information in the
Data Center requires a subscription to an Automotive News
publication. You can also register to purchase weekly or monthly
access. The print version ‘Automotive News Global Market Data
Book' is available at some university and public libraries.
CSM
Worldwide (http://www.csmauto.com/)Provides
automotive market forecasting services. A quarterly newsletter is
available on the website. Global production summaries are also
available.
Global Insight Automotive
Group (http://www.globalinsight.com/Automotive)
Provides in-depth global economic and statistical information
including detailed automotive production and sales forecast data.
You can request custom reports without having a
subscription.
Just-auto.com
(http://www.just-auto.com/) Research
reports on a wide variety of industry topics. A free weekly
news briefing is available to
non-subscribers.
Polk (http://www.polk.com/)
Provides global vehicle registration data. The website offers a
variety of free summary reports on various topics. The
Polk blog
(http://blog.polk.com/blog/the-polk-blog)
covers hot topics in the automotive industry.
Wardsauto.com
(http://wardsauto.com/)
The Reference Center includes Global coverage on production, sales
and registration data. A few samples of information are available for
free, including: Current North American Production; U.S. Light
Vehicle Sales; and North American Capacity Utilization. A supplier
directory is also available free. You can request custom
statistical reports without a subscription. Two annual print
publications include much of the same data available through the
Reference Center: Ward's Automotive Yearbook and Ward's
Automotive Facts and Figures. Check your local public library for
holdings.
References
1. 'Economic contributions' OICA:
http://oica.net/category/economic-contributions/
2. 'Production Statistics: 2008' OICA:
http://oica.net/category/production-statistics/
3. 'AAIA Digital Aftermarket Factbook 2010'. Factoid # 8. AAIA
SmartBrief 07/23/2009.
4. 'Economic contributions' OICA:
http://oica.net/category/economic-contributions/
5. 'World Ranking of Manufactures' OICA: http://digbig.com/5baspy
6. 'Guide to Automaker Partnerships'. Automotive News Europe, 2007:
http://digbig.com/5baspx
7. 'Top Global Automotive Suppliers', Automotive News, June 2009.
By Kathleen Rainwater
Kathleen Rainwater is the owner and principal researcher at Competitive Business Research, which specializes in custom business research for strategic planning and business development. Kathleen has over 25 years of research experience; holds an MBA and MLIS degree from the University of Denver; is a member of the Association of Independent Information Professionals, the Special Libraries Association and the Society for Competitive Intelligence Professionals.
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